Copy of Thomas Pell's Treaty with the Siwanoys, in Thomas Pell's Handwriting, June 27, 1654

Copy of Thomas Pell's Treaty with the Siwanoys,
in Thomas Pell's Handwriting, June 27, 1654

Immediately below is an image of the treaty. Beneath that is the text of the treaty, prepared from studies of the image.

Text of Thomas Pell’s Copy of the Treaty Signed Beneath The Treaty Oak

“Know all men by this present y^t we Shawanarockqúot: poquorum: Anhõõke: Wawhãmkus: Mehumõw: Beinge ye true owners & y^e only Lawffull Heyres & proprietors off a piece of land Bounded by ye Sea to y^e South w^th y^t Tract off land Called by ye English Longe Island; to ye west & west & by South w^th y^e bay & River & River Diawockinge Acqueonunge (Chemaqūanaock to ye East) w^th all ye Islands y^t are in ye salt water to ye South South East & South West Against y^t Tract off Land w^ch is Beffore expres^d; w^h all trees medowes & all Land w^h in y^e tract off Land w^ch is Beffore Expressed: doo sell & deliver to Tho^s Pell now inhabitinge in Fayrffield his heyres & assignse to hould injoy improove plant as hee shall see cause to his Best to be improved ffor & to him & his heyres fforever w^h out any molestation on our p^t And doo herby ingage our Selves to make good our selves against all Claymes intayled either by Dutch or Indyans w^t ever & doo deliver it into ye posession off ye sayd Tho^s Pell & his Assignes: markinge ye bounds to ye mayne Land w^ch is & shalbe y^e present bounds to ye mayne Land: only Liberty is ffreely graunt ffor ffeedinge offe cattle & Cuttinge off timber beyound those Bounds; & wee doo Acknowledge to have Reseved in full for it ye trou valew & just Satisfaction Accordinge to our Estimate to w^ch we sett our hands beffore these wittnesses off English & Indyans this twenty seaventh off June 1654.

English Wittnesses                                Saggamores (Markes)
     Richard Crabb Magistrate                  +Shawanórõckquot
     Thomas Lawrence                             +Poquõrúm
     John Ffinch                                       +Anhõõke
                                                            +Wawhamkus
                                                            +Mehúmõw

Articles of Agreement

We also as lovinge neighbours & ffriends doo mutually ingage our Selves to send too men off Each y^r one Day in ye Springe every yeare to marke y^e Bounds of y^e Land y^t a Right Knowledge may be kept w^h out injury to Either side y^t Mutuall peace & love may be mayntayned 2^nd Wee allso doo promise Each to other if any plotts on either Side y^t may be to hurt off Either y^t we Seasonably Discover y^m as Lovinge Neighbours & friends y^t peace & love may be mutually preserved

Indyan Wittnesses
+Marke Cockho
+Mark Kamaque
+Marke Cockinsecawa

This wrightinge was signed & wittnessed Beffore A great multitude off Indyans & many English we who are under written do testify

mark
Henry + Accorly This is A True Coppy off y^e
William Newman originall written Tho^s Pell”